Shrubs, trees and climbers

Magnolia

MagnoliaMagnoliaceae
AT A GLANCE
Part shade Water: lots H6down to −20 °C 3–6 m tall · 3–6 m wide In a pot: yes
Flowering · UK
Flowering · Northern Italy
Flowering · Central Italy
Flowering · Southern Italy and islands

Water deeply through the first two to three summers — the shallow, fleshy roots resent drying out and dislike being disturbed once settled.

Care

Light

Shelter from early morning sun in a frost pocket, which scorches frosted flowers as they thaw too quickly.

Water

Dislikes drying out, especially while establishing and while next year's flower buds are forming.

Soil

Fertile, humus-rich, moisture-retentive but well-drained soil, ideally slightly acidic to neutral.

Pruning

Minimal — remove only dead or damaged wood, ideally right after flowering; avoid unnecessary pruning, as cuts are slow to heal.

Feeding

A mulch of leaf mould or compost each spring, plus an ericaceous feed on chalky soil. The fleshy roots sit close to the surface, so mulching matters more than fertiliser and digging around the base does real harm.

Propagation

Layering a low branch is the realistic route and takes a couple of years. Most garden magnolias are grafted or raised from carefully timed softwood cuttings under mist, neither of which is a home proposition.

Month by month

Months change with the climate: in southern Italy tomatoes go out two months earlier than in England.

  1. MarchEnjoy the spring flower display.
  2. AprilTrim only if necessary, right after flowering finishes. how ›
  3. JuneWater well in dry spells to protect next year's developing flower buds. how ›

Months based on climate: UK. Your choice stays on this device.

  1. MarchEnjoy the spring flower display.
  2. AprilTrim only if necessary, right after flowering finishes. how ›
  3. JuneWater well in dry spells to protect next year's developing flower buds. how ›

Months based on climate: Northern Italy. Your choice stays on this device.

  1. FebruaryEnjoy the spring flower display.
  2. MarchTrim only if necessary, right after flowering finishes. how ›
  3. JuneWater well in dry spells to protect next year's developing flower buds. how ›

Months based on climate: Central Italy. Your choice stays on this device.

  1. FebruaryEnjoy the spring flower display.
  2. MarchTrim only if necessary, right after flowering finishes. how ›
  3. JuneWater well in dry spells to protect next year's developing flower buds. how ›

Months based on climate: Southern Italy and islands. Your choice stays on this device.

Common problems

Frost damage to flowersfull sheet ›

How to spot it. Browned petals after a cold snap, worse if sited in early morning sun.

What to do. Site away from early morning sun and frost pockets.

Honey fungusfull sheet ›

How to spot it. Bracket fungi at the base, dieback.

What to do. Remove affected wood; avoid replanting another susceptible tree in the same spot.

Scale insectsfull sheet ›

How to spot it. On leaves and stems.

What to do. Treat if noticed.

Popular varieties

Magnolia ‘Stellata’AGM2.5–3 m × 2.5–3 m · March–AprilMarch–AprilFebruary–MarchFebruary–March
Magnolia ‘Susan’AGM3–4 m × 3 m · April–MayApril–MayMarch–AprilMarch–April

Questions

Magnolia: is it hardy?

H6: Hardy in the vast majority of UK gardens. It survives down to −20 °C.

Can it grow in a pot?

Compact cultivars (e.g. stellata types) do well in a large pot for many years; larger cultivars need open ground long-term.

Magnolia: when do you prune it?

Minimal — remove only dead or damaged wood, ideally right after flowering; avoid unnecessary pruning, as cuts are slow to heal. In the calendar for UK, pruning falls in April.

Magnolia: when does it flower?

In the climate of UK it flowers in March–April.

When do you feed it?

A mulch of leaf mould or compost each spring, plus an ericaceous feed on chalky soil. The fleshy roots sit close to the surface, so mulching matters more than fertiliser and digging around the base does real harm. Feeding months, UK: April.