Vegetables and fruit

Plum

PrunusRosaceae
Also: Cherry, Peach
AT A GLANCE
Full sun Water: average H5down to −15 °C 3–5 m tall · 3–5 m wide In a pot: yes
Flowering · UK
Flowering · Northern Italy
Flowering · Central Italy
Flowering · Southern Italy and islands

Mark your calendar to prune only between roughly May and August for the whole life of the tree — this single rule prevents the two most serious diseases in this group.

Care

Light

Sheltered — essential for ripening fruit and protecting early blossom from frost.

Water

Especially important as fruit swells.

Soil

Fertile, well-drained soil.

Pruning

Prune only in summer, never in winter — critical to avoid silver leaf disease and bacterial canker, which enter through winter wounds; thin developing plums in June to prevent branches breaking under a heavy crop.

Feeding

A balanced or high-potash feed in late winter with a mulch, keeping both clear of the trunk. Stone fruit are heavy croppers and an unfed plum in grass quickly falls into biennial bearing.

Propagation

Grafted onto rootstocks that control vigour — a stone-grown seedling will be a large, late-fruiting tree of unknown quality. Some plums do sucker, but suckers from a grafted tree are the rootstock, not the variety.

Month by month

Months change with the climate: in southern Italy tomatoes go out two months earlier than in England.

  1. AprilProtect early blossom from frost with fleece overnight if needed. how ›
  2. JuneThin developing plums to prevent branches breaking under a heavy crop. how ›
  3. JulyPrune fan-trained or bush forms now, in summer only, never in winter. how ›

Months based on climate: UK. Your choice stays on this device.

  1. JuneThin developing plums to prevent branches breaking under a heavy crop. how ›
  2. JulyPrune fan-trained or bush forms now, in summer only, never in winter. how ›

Months based on climate: Northern Italy. Your choice stays on this device.

  1. JuneThin developing plums to prevent branches breaking under a heavy crop. how ›
  2. JulyPrune fan-trained or bush forms now, in summer only, never in winter. how ›

Months based on climate: Central Italy. Your choice stays on this device.

  1. JuneThin developing plums to prevent branches breaking under a heavy crop. how ›
  2. JulyPrune fan-trained or bush forms now, in summer only, never in winter. how ›

Months based on climate: Southern Italy and islands. Your choice stays on this device.

Common problems

Silver leaf diseasefull sheet ›

How to spot it. Purple-silver sheen on leaves, branch dieback.

What to do. Caused by spores entering winter wounds — prune only in summer, cut out and dispose of affected wood.

Bacterial cankerfull sheet ›

How to spot it. Gummy, oozing wounds, dieback.

What to do. As silver leaf, prune only in summer.

Aphids/blackflyfull sheet ›

How to spot it. On soft new growth.

What to do. Encourage predators; tolerate low levels.

Questions

Plum: is it hardy?

H5: Hardy in most of the UK, but can struggle in the coldest inland or upland spots. It survives down to −15 °C.

Can it grow in a pot?

Peach and fan-trained forms suit a sheltered wall; dwarf patio cultivars do well in a large pot.

Plum: when do you prune it?

Prune only in summer, never in winter — critical to avoid silver leaf disease and bacterial canker, which enter through winter wounds; thin developing plums in June to prevent branches breaking under a heavy crop. In the calendar for UK, pruning falls in July.

Plum: when does it flower?

In the climate of UK it flowers in March–April.

When do you feed it?

A balanced or high-potash feed in late winter with a mulch, keeping both clear of the trunk. Stone fruit are heavy croppers and an unfed plum in grass quickly falls into biennial bearing. Feeding months, UK: February–March.