Shrubs, trees and climbers

Firethorn

PyracanthaRosaceae
Also: Pyracantha
AT A GLANCE
Part shade Water: average H6down to −20 °C 2.5–3.5 m tall · 2.5–3.5 m wide In a pot: yes
Flowering · UK
Flowering · Northern Italy
Flowering · Central Italy
Flowering · Southern Italy and islands

Wear thick gloves when pruning or training — the sharp thorns are a genuine hazard, especially when wall-training in a confined space.

Care

Light

Tolerates a north-facing wall reasonably well.

Water

Once established.

Soil

Adaptable, well-drained soil of most types.

Pruning

Trim after flowering to shape, taking care not to remove too much of the berry-bearing wood; a light additional trim in late summer keeps trained specimens tidy.

Feeding

A general feed in spring, and a little sulphate of potash where berrying has been poor. Avoid nitrogen-rich feeds: they give soft growth that is both thornier work to prune and far more prone to scab and fireblight.

Propagation

Semi-ripe cuttings in late summer, in gritty compost under cover. Wear thick gloves — the thorns are the real obstacle here, not the rooting.

Month by month

Months change with the climate: in southern Italy tomatoes go out two months earlier than in England.

  1. MarchFeed as growth resumes. how ›
  2. JuneTrim after flowering to shape, preserving berry-bearing wood. how ›
  3. OctoberEnjoy autumn/winter berries, valuable for wildlife.

Months based on climate: UK. Your choice stays on this device.

  1. MarchFeed as growth resumes. how ›
  2. JuneTrim after flowering to shape, preserving berry-bearing wood. how ›
  3. OctoberEnjoy autumn/winter berries, valuable for wildlife.

Months based on climate: Northern Italy. Your choice stays on this device.

  1. FebruaryFeed as growth resumes. how ›
  2. MayTrim after flowering to shape, preserving berry-bearing wood. how ›
  3. OctoberEnjoy autumn/winter berries, valuable for wildlife.

Months based on climate: Central Italy. Your choice stays on this device.

  1. FebruaryFeed as growth resumes. how ›
  2. MayTrim after flowering to shape, preserving berry-bearing wood. how ›
  3. NovemberEnjoy autumn/winter berries, valuable for wildlife.

Months based on climate: Southern Italy and islands. Your choice stays on this device.

Common problems

Fireblightfull sheet ›

How to spot it. Blackened, scorched-looking shoots that fail to recover — a notifiable bacterial disease.

What to do. Cut out well below the affected area, disinfect tools, seek advice if extensive.

Scab

How to spot it. Dark scabby patches on fruit and leaves.

What to do. Improve airflow.

How to spot it. On new growth.

What to do. Encourage predators.

Popular varieties

Pyracantha ‘Saphyr Orange’2.5–3 m × 2–2.5 m · May–JuneMay–JuneApril–MayApril–May

Questions

Firethorn: is it hardy?

H6: Hardy in the vast majority of UK gardens. It survives down to −20 °C.

Can it grow in a pot?

For a few years while young, often grown as wall-trained specimens.

Firethorn: when do you prune it?

Trim after flowering to shape, taking care not to remove too much of the berry-bearing wood; a light additional trim in late summer keeps trained specimens tidy. In the calendar for UK, pruning falls in June.

Firethorn: when does it flower?

In the climate of UK it flowers in May–June.

When do you feed it?

A general feed in spring, and a little sulphate of potash where berrying has been poor. Avoid nitrogen-rich feeds: they give soft growth that is both thornier work to prune and far more prone to scab and fireblight. Feeding months, UK: April.