Herbs

Thyme

ThymusLamiaceae
Also: Common thyme, Garden thyme
AT A GLANCE
Full sun Water: little H5down to −15 °C 15–30 cm tall · 20–40 cm wide In a pot: yes
Flowering · UK
Flowering · Northern Italy
Flowering · Central Italy
Flowering · Southern Italy and islands

Get the drainage right from the start — this is a genus that fails far more often from wet feet than from cold or drought, so err toward a gritty, lean soil or compost rather than a rich, moisture-retentive one.

Care

Light

Needs as much sun as possible for the best flavour and to avoid rot; a Mediterranean herb by origin.

Water

Drought-tolerant once established — a common cause of failure is overwatering, not underwatering.

Soil

Free-draining, low-fertility soil; add grit if the ground is heavy or moisture-retentive. Dislikes rich, damp soil.

Pruning

Trim lightly after flowering to keep a compact, bushy shape and stop the plant becoming woody and bare in the centre; avoid cutting back hard into old bare wood, which won't reliably reshoot.

Feeding

Don't feed. Thyme comes from dry stony hillsides and a fed plant is soft, sprawling and far less aromatic; on heavy soil a gritty top dressing is worth far more than fertiliser.

Propagation

Semi-ripe cuttings in early summer, or mound the centre of an old plant with gritty compost and lift the rooted shoots later — thyme layers itself readily where the stems touch soil.

Month by month

Months change with the climate: in southern Italy tomatoes go out two months earlier than in England.

  1. AprilHarvest sprigs regularly through the growing season — regular picking is itself a form of light pruning that keeps the plant compact. how ›
  2. JulyTrim lightly after flowering to maintain a neat, bushy shape. how ›
  3. SeptemberTake cuttings or divide congested plants now if renewal is needed — this genus becomes woody and less productive after three to four years and is usually better replaced than heavily renovated. how ›

Months based on climate: UK. Your choice stays on this device.

  1. AprilHarvest sprigs regularly through the growing season — regular picking is itself a form of light pruning that keeps the plant compact. how ›
  2. JulyTrim lightly after flowering to maintain a neat, bushy shape. how ›
  3. SeptemberTake cuttings or divide congested plants now if renewal is needed — this genus becomes woody and less productive after three to four years and is usually better replaced than heavily renovated. how ›

Months based on climate: Northern Italy. Your choice stays on this device.

  1. MarchHarvest sprigs regularly through the growing season — regular picking is itself a form of light pruning that keeps the plant compact. how ›
  2. JulyTrim lightly after flowering to maintain a neat, bushy shape. how ›
  3. SeptemberTake cuttings or divide congested plants now if renewal is needed — this genus becomes woody and less productive after three to four years and is usually better replaced than heavily renovated. how ›

Months based on climate: Central Italy. Your choice stays on this device.

  1. MarchHarvest sprigs regularly through the growing season — regular picking is itself a form of light pruning that keeps the plant compact. how ›
  2. JulyTrim lightly after flowering to maintain a neat, bushy shape. how ›
  3. OctoberTake cuttings or divide congested plants now if renewal is needed — this genus becomes woody and less productive after three to four years and is usually better replaced than heavily renovated. how ›

Months based on climate: Southern Italy and islands. Your choice stays on this device.

Common problems

Root rot / plant collapse

How to spot it. Blackened base, wilting despite moist soil.

What to do. Almost always overwatering or poor drainage — improve drainage (add grit) and cut back on watering; this is the most common cause of failure with this genus.

Woody, bare centre on an older plant

How to spot it. Little new growth, mostly bare woody stems after a few years.

What to do. Normal ageing for this genus — light trimming after flowering each year slows this, but an old, very woody plant is usually best replaced from a cutting or new plant rather than hard-pruned, since it won't reshoot reliably from bare wood.

Grey mould in a wet summerfull sheet ›

How to spot it. Fuzzy grey growth in humid, crowded conditions.

What to do. Improve air circulation, avoid overhead watering.

Popular varieties

Thymus ‘Coccineus’AGM5–10 cm × 40–45 cm · June–JulyJune–JulyMay–JulyMay–July
Thymus ‘Silver Queen’20–25 cm × 30–40 cm · June–JulyJune–JulyMay–JulyMay–July

Questions

Thyme: is it hardy?

H5: Hardy in most of the UK, but can struggle in the coldest inland or upland spots. It survives down to −15 °C.

Can it grow in a pot?

Does very well in a pot, which also makes it easier to guarantee the sharp drainage this genus needs.

Thyme: when do you prune it?

Trim lightly after flowering to keep a compact, bushy shape and stop the plant becoming woody and bare in the centre; avoid cutting back hard into old bare wood, which won't reliably reshoot. In the calendar for UK, pruning falls in July.

Thyme: when does it flower?

In the climate of UK it flowers in June–July.

When do you feed it?

Don't feed. Thyme comes from dry stony hillsides and a fed plant is soft, sprawling and far less aromatic; on heavy soil a gritty top dressing is worth far more than fertiliser.