Garden flowers

Verbena bonariensis

VerbenaVerbenaceae
Also: Tall verbena, Purpletop vervain, Patagonian verbena, Bedding verbena, Verbena
Tall verbenaPurpletop vervain, Patagonian verbena

Tall verbena

In colder gardens, take cuttings in late summer as insurance against a hard winter.

Full sun Water: average H4down to −10 °C 1–1.5 m tall · 45–60 cm wide In a pot: yes
Flowering · UK
Flowering · Northern Italy
Flowering · Central Italy
Flowering · Southern Italy and islands

Care

Light

Full sun.

Water

Drought-tolerant once established.

Soil

Free-draining soil of low to moderate fertility; self-seeds readily in favourable conditions.

Pruning

Leave stems standing over winter for frost protection and structure; cut back to the base in spring once new growth appears.

Feeding

Needs nothing. On poor, dry ground it stands upright and flowers for months; fed and watered it grows taller, softer and leans over its neighbours.

Propagation

It seeds itself everywhere — the simplest propagation is to lift the seedlings that appear round the parent and move them where you want them. Softwood cuttings in early summer are the way to keep a particular plant going.

Month by month

Months change with the climate: in southern Italy tomatoes go out two months earlier than in England.

  1. AprilCut back old stems once new growth appears at the base. how ›
  2. JulyEnjoy the long flowering season — a favourite with pollinators.
  3. NovemberLeave stems standing over winter for structure and frost protection. how ›

Months based on climate: UK. Your choice stays on this device.

  1. AprilCut back old stems once new growth appears at the base. how ›
  2. JulyEnjoy the long flowering season — a favourite with pollinators.
  3. NovemberLeave stems standing over winter for structure and frost protection. how ›

Months based on climate: Northern Italy. Your choice stays on this device.

  1. MarchCut back old stems once new growth appears at the base. how ›
  2. JulyEnjoy the long flowering season — a favourite with pollinators.
  3. NovemberLeave stems standing over winter for structure and frost protection. how ›

Months based on climate: Central Italy. Your choice stays on this device.

  1. MarchCut back old stems once new growth appears at the base. how ›
  2. JulyEnjoy the long flowering season — a favourite with pollinators.
  3. DecemberLeave stems standing over winter for structure and frost protection. how ›

Months based on climate: Southern Italy and islands. Your choice stays on this device.

Common problems

Powdery mildewfull sheet ›

How to spot it. Late in the season.

What to do. Improve airflow.

Capsid bugsfull sheet ›

How to spot it. Distorted new growth.

What to do. Treat if heavy.

Winter losses

How to spot it. In a hard winter without shelter.

What to do. Site in a warm, sheltered spot; this species is only borderline hardy.

Bedding verbenaVerbena

Bedding verbena

Water in well at planting and keep consistently moist until established, then treat as an easy-care summer annual.

Full sun Water: average H3down to −5 °C 20–40 cm tall · 30–50 cm wide In a pot: yes
Flowering · UK
Flowering · Northern Italy
Flowering · Central Italy
Flowering · Southern Italy and islands

Care

Light

Full sun.

Water

Standard bedding/container watering.

Soil

Free-draining, moderately fertile soil or container compost.

Pruning

Deadhead regularly to keep flowering through summer; no overwintering needed, as it's typically grown as an annual.

Feeding

In a basket or container feed weekly with a high-potash liquid feed for the whole display — this is a plant asked to flower non-stop in a few litres of compost, and it stops within days of being neglected.

Propagation

Softwood or tip cuttings in late summer, overwintered frost-free under cover. Most named bedding verbenas are treated as annuals and simply bought again each spring, which is the honest low-effort answer.

Month by month

Months change with the climate: in southern Italy tomatoes go out two months earlier than in England.

  1. MayPlant out after the last frost. how ›
  2. JuneDeadhead regularly to keep flowering going. how ›
  3. JulyFeed containers regularly through summer. how ›

Months based on climate: UK. Your choice stays on this device.

  1. AprilPlant out after the last frost. how ›
  2. JuneDeadhead regularly to keep flowering going. how ›
  3. JulyFeed containers regularly through summer. how ›

Months based on climate: Northern Italy. Your choice stays on this device.

  1. AprilPlant out after the last frost. how ›
  2. MayDeadhead regularly to keep flowering going. how ›
  3. JulyFeed containers regularly through summer. how ›

Months based on climate: Central Italy. Your choice stays on this device.

  1. MarchPlant out after the last frost. how ›
  2. MayDeadhead regularly to keep flowering going. how ›
  3. JulyFeed containers regularly through summer. how ›

Months based on climate: Southern Italy and islands. Your choice stays on this device.

Common problems

Powdery mildewfull sheet ›

How to spot it. White coating.

What to do. Improve airflow.

How to spot it. Clustered on new growth.

What to do. Encourage predators.

Overwatering rot

How to spot it. In containers.

What to do. Ensure free drainage.

Popular varieties

Verbena ‘Lollipop’50–60 cm × 30–45 cm · June–OctoberJune–OctoberMay–OctoberMay–October · Tall verbena

Questions

Verbena bonariensis: is it hardy?

Tall verbena: H4: Hardy through an average UK winter. It survives down to −10 °C. Bedding verbena: H3: Half hardy. It survives down to −5 °C.

Can it grow in a pot?

Tall verbena: Standard container culture. Bedding verbena: A classic summer bedding and hanging basket plant.

Verbena bonariensis: when do you prune it?

Tall verbena: Leave stems standing over winter for frost protection and structure; cut back to the base in spring once new growth appears. In the calendar for UK, pruning falls in April. Bedding verbena: Deadhead regularly to keep flowering through summer; no overwintering needed, as it's typically grown as an annual.

Verbena bonariensis: when does it flower?

Tall verbena: In the climate of UK it flowers in July–October. Bedding verbena: In the climate of UK it flowers in June–September.

When do you feed it?

Tall verbena: Needs nothing. On poor, dry ground it stands upright and flowers for months; fed and watered it grows taller, softer and leans over its neighbours. Bedding verbena: In a basket or container feed weekly with a high-potash liquid feed for the whole display — this is a plant asked to flower non-stop in a few litres of compost, and it stops within days of being neglected. Feeding months, UK: May–September.