Houseplants

Yucca

YuccaAsparagaceae
Also: Spineless yucca, Yucca cane, Stick yucca, Adam's needle, Needle palm
Spineless yuccaYucca cane, Stick yucca

Spineless yucca

A sun-lover wrongly sold as a shade plant: give it your brightest window and very little water.

Full sun Water: little H2down to 1 °C 1–2.5 m tall · 60 cm–1 m wide In a pot: yes

Care

Light

As much light as possible, including direct sun; in low light it grows thin and pale.

Water

Low — water thoroughly, then let most of the compost dry out; very little in winter.

Soil

Free-draining, loam-based compost with grit; a heavy pot helps stop it toppling.

Pruning

Cut back an over-tall cane in spring; it resprouts below the cut, and the top can be rooted.

Feeding

A balanced feed monthly in spring and summer, none in winter.

Propagation

Sections of cane or rooted offsets potted in gritty compost in spring and early summer.

Month by month

Months change with the climate: in southern Italy tomatoes go out two months earlier than in England.

  1. MayCan go outdoors in a sunny spot for summer once nights are mild. how ›
  2. SeptemberBring back inside before nights get cold. how ›
  3. DecemberWater only occasionally in winter. how ›

Months based on climate: UK. Your choice stays on this device.

  1. AprilCan go outdoors in a sunny spot for summer once nights are mild. how ›
  2. SeptemberBring back inside before nights get cold. how ›
  3. DecemberWater only occasionally in winter. how ›

Months based on climate: Northern Italy. Your choice stays on this device.

  1. AprilCan go outdoors in a sunny spot for summer once nights are mild. how ›
  2. OctoberBring back inside before nights get cold. how ›
  3. DecemberWater only occasionally in winter. how ›

Months based on climate: Central Italy. Your choice stays on this device.

  1. MarchCan go outdoors in a sunny spot for summer once nights are mild. how ›
  2. OctoberBring back inside before nights get cold. how ›
  3. DecemberWater only occasionally in winter. how ›

Months based on climate: Southern Italy and islands. Your choice stays on this device.

Common problems

Soft, rotting cane

How to spot it. Base of the cane soft; leaves yellow and collapse.

What to do. Overwatering; usually fatal to that cane — root the healthy top.

Brown leaf tips

How to spot it. Dry brown tips.

What to do. Common and mostly cosmetic; dry air or irregular watering.

Leggy pale growth

How to spot it. Long weak stems.

What to do. Needs more light.

Adam's needleNeedle palm

Adam's needle

A plant for the driest, sunniest, poorest spot in the garden — it asks for nothing but drainage.

Full sun Water: little H5down to −15 °C 60 cm–1 m tall · 1–1.5 m wide In a pot: yes
Flowering · UK
Flowering · Northern Italy
Flowering · Central Italy
Flowering · Southern Italy and islands

Care

Light

Full sun.

Water

Very low — drought-proof once established; winter wet is the danger, not cold.

Soil

Very free-draining soil; sand, gravel or chalk.

Pruning

Cut the spent flower spike at the base and pull away dead lower leaves. Rosettes that have flowered are replaced by offsets.

Feeding

No feeding needed.

Propagation

Detach rooted offsets from the base in spring.

Month by month

Months change with the climate: in southern Italy tomatoes go out two months earlier than in England.

  1. AprilPull away dead lower leaves.
  2. OctoberCut the spent flower spike at the base.

Months based on climate: UK. Your choice stays on this device.

  1. AprilPull away dead lower leaves.
  2. OctoberCut the spent flower spike at the base.

Months based on climate: Northern Italy. Your choice stays on this device.

  1. MarchPull away dead lower leaves.
  2. OctoberCut the spent flower spike at the base.

Months based on climate: Central Italy. Your choice stays on this device.

  1. MarchPull away dead lower leaves.
  2. NovemberCut the spent flower spike at the base.

Months based on climate: Southern Italy and islands. Your choice stays on this device.

Common problems

Crown rot

How to spot it. Centre of the rosette rots in winter.

What to do. Soil too wet; replant in gravel or a raised bed.

How to spot it. Brown spots on older leaves.

What to do. Remove affected leaves.

Sharp leaf tips

How to spot it. Stiff, pointed leaves.

What to do. Keep away from paths and where children play.

Questions

Yucca: is it hardy?

Spineless yucca: H2: Tender. It survives down to 1 °C. Adam's needle: H5: Hardy in most of the UK, but can struggle in the coldest inland or upland spots. It survives down to −15 °C.

Can it grow in a pot?

Spineless yucca: Yes — a large houseplant; use a heavy pot. Adam's needle: Yes in a gritty compost, with good drainage.

Yucca: when do you prune it?

Spineless yucca: Cut back an over-tall cane in spring; it resprouts below the cut, and the top can be rooted. Adam's needle: Cut the spent flower spike at the base and pull away dead lower leaves. In the calendar for UK, pruning falls in April, October.

Yucca: when does it flower?

Adam's needle: In the climate of UK it flowers in July–September.

When do you feed it?

Spineless yucca: A balanced feed monthly in spring and summer, none in winter. Feeding months, UK: April–August. Adam's needle: No feeding needed.