Vegetables and fruit

Chilli pepper

CapsicumSolanaceae
Also: Sweet pepper, Bell pepper
AT A GLANCE
Full sun Water: average H1cabove 5 °C 40–80 cm tall · 30–50 cm wide In a pot: yes
Flowering · UK
Flowering · Northern Italy
Flowering · Central Italy
Flowering · Southern Italy and islands

Start seed early (Feb-Mar) under heat, since this crop needs a long growing season to ripen fully outdoors in the UK.

Care

Light

Sheltered — a greenhouse, polytunnel or warm sunny spot is usually needed to ripen a good crop in the UK climate.

Water

Consistent moisture while fruiting; avoid extremes of wet and dry.

Soil

Fertile, well-drained soil or good quality compost in containers.

Pruning

Pinch out the growing tip once the plant reaches around 30cm to encourage a bushier, more productive plant; support with a cane once fruit-laden, as branches can snap.

Feeding

A high-potash tomato feed weekly once the first fruits have set. Before that a balanced feed is enough — too much nitrogen early gives a tall leafy plant that flowers late, which in a British summer means no ripe fruit at all.

Propagation

From seed sown under cover in late winter with warmth: chillies need a long season here, and a late sowing is the commonest reason for a plant still full of green fruit when the season ends.

Month by month

Months change with the climate: in southern Italy tomatoes go out two months earlier than in England.

  1. MayPlant out or move outdoors only once all frost risk has passed and nights are reliably mild. how ›
  2. JulyFeed weekly with a high-potassium feed once flowering and fruiting begins. how ›
  3. SeptemberBring pots under cover as nights cool, to finish ripening the last fruit. how ›

Months based on climate: UK. Your choice stays on this device.

  1. AprilPlant out or move outdoors only once all frost risk has passed and nights are reliably mild. how ›
  2. JulyFeed weekly with a high-potassium feed once flowering and fruiting begins. how ›
  3. SeptemberBring pots under cover as nights cool, to finish ripening the last fruit. how ›

Months based on climate: Northern Italy. Your choice stays on this device.

  1. AprilPlant out or move outdoors only once all frost risk has passed and nights are reliably mild. how ›
  2. JulyFeed weekly with a high-potassium feed once flowering and fruiting begins. how ›
  3. OctoberBring pots under cover as nights cool, to finish ripening the last fruit. how ›

Months based on climate: Central Italy. Your choice stays on this device.

  1. MarchPlant out or move outdoors only once all frost risk has passed and nights are reliably mild. how ›
  2. JulyFeed weekly with a high-potassium feed once flowering and fruiting begins. how ›
  3. OctoberBring pots under cover as nights cool, to finish ripening the last fruit. how ›

Months based on climate: Southern Italy and islands. Your choice stays on this device.

Common problems

Aphids and whiteflyfull sheet ›

How to spot it. Especially under glass.

What to do. Encourage predators; treat if severe.

Blossom drop

How to spot it. In very hot or very cold conditions.

What to do. Erratic temperatures around flowering are the usual cause; ventilate greenhouses on hot days.

Poor fruit set

How to spot it. From insufficient pollinating insects under glass.

What to do. Hand-pollinate with a soft brush if needed.

Questions

Chilli pepper: is it hardy?

H1c: Tender, needs above 5°C. It survives above 5 °C.

Can it grow in a pot?

Grown almost exclusively in pots or growing bags in the UK climate.

Chilli pepper: when do you prune it?

Pinch out the growing tip once the plant reaches around 30cm to encourage a bushier, more productive plant; support with a cane once fruit-laden, as branches can snap.

Chilli pepper: when does it flower?

In the climate of UK it flowers in June–July.

When do you feed it?

A high-potash tomato feed weekly once the first fruits have set. Before that a balanced feed is enough — too much nitrogen early gives a tall leafy plant that flowers late, which in a British summer means no ripe fruit at all. Feeding months, UK: June–September.