Vegetables and fruit

Grape vine

VitisVitaceae
Also: Grapevine, Vine
AT A GLANCE
Full sun Water: average H5down to −15 °C 3–6 m tall · 3–6 m wide In a pot: yes
Flowering · UK
Flowering · Northern Italy
Flowering · Central Italy
Flowering · Southern Italy and islands

Never prune after midwinter once the sap has started to rise — cuts made too late 'bleed' heavily and can weaken the vine.

Care

Light

Sheltered — essential for ripening fruit in the UK climate.

Water

Water well while establishing; more drought-tolerant once settled.

Soil

Fertile, well-drained soil; tolerates poor or chalky soil once established.

Pruning

Prune hard while fully dormant in winter (Dec-Jan, before sap rises — later pruning causes heavy 'bleeding' from cuts); pinch out and thin sublateral growth in summer to let light reach ripening fruit.

Feeding

A balanced feed as growth starts and a high-potash one as the bunches form; under glass or in a pot, feed fortnightly through the growing season. Stop once the fruit begins to colour — late nitrogen delays ripening and softens the wood.

Propagation

Hardwood cuttings from the winter prunings: a length with three or four buds, two-thirds buried, kept in a sheltered spot. There is more material than anyone needs, since a vine is pruned hard every winter.

Month by month

Months change with the climate: in southern Italy tomatoes go out two months earlier than in England.

  1. JanuaryHard winter prune while fully dormant, before sap rises. how ›
  2. JulyThin summer sublateral growth and leaves around fruit clusters to aid ripening. how ›
  3. SeptemberHarvest as grapes ripen, usually late summer into autumn. how ›

Months based on climate: UK. Your choice stays on this device.

  1. JanuaryHard winter prune while fully dormant, before sap rises. how ›
  2. JulyThin summer sublateral growth and leaves around fruit clusters to aid ripening. how ›
  3. SeptemberHarvest as grapes ripen, usually late summer into autumn. how ›

Months based on climate: Northern Italy. Your choice stays on this device.

  1. JanuaryHard winter prune while fully dormant, before sap rises. how ›
  2. JulyThin summer sublateral growth and leaves around fruit clusters to aid ripening. how ›
  3. SeptemberHarvest as grapes ripen, usually late summer into autumn. how ›

Months based on climate: Central Italy. Your choice stays on this device.

  1. JanuaryHard winter prune while fully dormant, before sap rises. how ›
  2. JulyThin summer sublateral growth and leaves around fruit clusters to aid ripening. how ›
  3. OctoberHarvest as grapes ripen, usually late summer into autumn. how ›

Months based on climate: Southern Italy and islands. Your choice stays on this device.

Common problems

Powdery mildewfull sheet ›

How to spot it. White powdery coating on leaves and fruit in still, humid conditions.

What to do. Improve airflow, remove affected leaves.

Grey mould/botrytisfull sheet ›

How to spot it. On ripening fruit in wet weather.

What to do. Improve airflow; remove affected fruit promptly.

Birds and wasps

How to spot it. Taking ripening fruit.

What to do. Net if the crop is at risk.

Questions

Grape vine: is it hardy?

H5: Hardy in most of the UK, but can struggle in the coldest inland or upland spots. It survives down to −15 °C.

Can it grow in a pot?

Suitable for a few years while young; better in open ground with permanent support for long-term cropping.

Grape vine: when do you prune it?

Prune hard while fully dormant in winter (Dec-Jan, before sap rises — later pruning causes heavy 'bleeding' from cuts); pinch out and thin sublateral growth in summer to let light reach ripening fruit. In the calendar for UK, pruning falls in January, July.

Grape vine: when does it flower?

In the climate of UK it flowers in June.

When do you feed it?

A balanced feed as growth starts and a high-potash one as the bunches form; under glass or in a pot, feed fortnightly through the growing season. Stop once the fruit begins to colour — late nitrogen delays ripening and softens the wood. Feeding months, UK: April–June.